Overt sexual behavior, including kissing, is highly prominent in Bonobo groups, such contact observed in greeting, bonding and particularly in reconciliation of disputes between males and females, males and males and females and females. Male status is based upon the status of one’s mother, and mother/son bonds are often life-long.
Unlike common chimpanzees, bonobo groups are matriarchal, directed by a “sisterhood” of females, who together jointly resist and prevent overt male aggression. They could be called the chimp of aggression.īonobo groups differ markedly in their social organization and style. While records of peace and calm within groups have been widely observed, and even acts and behaviors we could call “tender,” in general chimpanzee society is rigidly enforced by the power of the males. They hunt in troops for smaller species of monkey, and make sharpened tools used for hunting and killing. Aggressive, and even murderous, chimpanzee groups have been witnessed tormenting and killing members of other chimpanzee communities, other animals or even members of their own group. In the wild, common chimpanzees are organized in patriarchal units, with dominant alpha males enforcing discipline and assertively challenging male opponents. Yet the observed differences between common chimpanzees and bonobos are quite striking. Forming complex family structures and social structures, chimps have long fascinated people. Arboreal creatures of the forest, both species are as comfortable above the ground as on it. Superficially the two chimp families resemble each other, though bonobos are slightly smaller and less powerfully built and spend more time standing upright, which is why they have been referred to as dwarf or gracile chimpanzees. Two taxonomically distinct chimp families, common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus) have been observed in both the wild and captivity.
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